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Dear Folks,<br>
<br>
New data on Kapton irradiation from LHC (thanks Dave!) shows that 10^7
Gray is a safe dose and that Kapton starts losing strength at
several*10^7 Gy.<br>
<br>
My previous calculation of the multiple scattering included just the 75
um Al vacuum exit window at the converter. This is 1e-3 RL of Al and
gives 0.2 mr at 15 m upstream of the target (for a 2.2 GeV beam). That
results in a 3 mm (sigma) beam spot on target.<br>
<br>
We also need to include the multiple scattering in the helium. There
is about 11 m of helium bag from 15 to 4 m upstream of the target.
This gives 0.2 g/cm^2 of Helium which is 2e-3 RL. This will give 0.3
mr of multiple scattering centered about 10 m upstream of the target
which gives another 3 mm (sigma) for a total width of about 5 mm on
target.<br>
<br>
That will reduce the radiation dose from 20 Gy/s to 10 Gy/s. That
means that we can run for 10^6 sec (300 hours) before accumulating a
dose of 10^7 Gy.<br>
<br>
Since we plan to run for only one shift (8 hours), that gives us a
safety factor (in terms of radiation dose ONLY) of more than a factor
of 40.<br>
<br>
- Larry<br>
<br>
Larry Weinstein wrote:
<blockquote type="cite" cite="mid:4D2F5F4A.7040501@odu.edu">Dear TPEers,<br>
<br>
At some point, we want to run the primary electron beam thru the
chicane and onto the LH2 target. There are two main concerns,<br>
1) radiation in the hall due to the beam hitting vacuum and Helium
windows<br>
2) radiation damage to the Kapton target windows<br>
<br>
There is a possibility that Hall C will be down tomorrow (Friday)
during the day shift. If so, we could do the test then with minimal
impact on the other halls (since it will take time to tune the beam to
us).<br>
<br>
<b>Are we confident enough that the test is safe that we should
proceed
for tomorrow or do we need to study this?</b><br>
<br>
Here is my analysis of the energy deposited by radiation on the Kapton
windows at 1 nA:<br>
6e9 e/s * 2 MeV/(e-g/cm^2) * 1 g/cm^3 * 1 cm = 12*10^15 eV/s = 2*10^-3
J/s<br>
(I used a 1 cm thick window, but this will divide out when we calculate
the energy deposited per mass.)<br>
<br>
Now we need the beam size on the windows. The beam passes through a 75
um Al window about 15 m upstream of the target. t = 75 um * 2.7 g/cm^3
= 0.02 g/cm^2 <br>
The radiation length of Al is 24 g/cm^2 so this is 10^-3 RL.<br>
<br>
The multiple scattering for a 2.2 GeV beam is<br>
sigma = (13.6 MeV/2200 MeV)*sqrt(1e-3) = 0.2 mrad<br>
Over a distance of 15 m, this is a spread of 3 mm.<br>
<br>
A block of Kapton that is (3 mm)^2(1 cm) has a mass of 0.1 g. Thus,
the energy deposited amounts to a radiation dose of<br>
R = 2e-3 J/s / 0.1 g = 2e-3 J/s / 1e-4 kg = 20 J/kg-s = 20 Gray/s<br>
<br>
Kapton (according to the manufacturer's data) can withstand 10^6 Gy
with no change in mechanical properties. At 10^7 Gy, it loses 25% of
its tensile strength and 50% of its elongation.<br>
<br>
10^6 Gy corresponds to a time of 10^6 / 20 = 5*10^4 s = 14 hours. <br>
<br>
To reduce this we can a) run at lower energy (which will double the
beam spot size, reducing the radiation by a factor of 4) or b) run at
lower beam current (subject to the minimum current that the accelerator
can monitor).<br>
<br>
<pre cols="72" class="moz-signature">--
Sincerely,
Larry
-----------------------------------------------------------
Lawrence Weinstein
University Professor
Physics Department
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, VA 23529
757 683 5803
757 683 3038 (fax)
<a href="mailto:weinstein@odu.edu">weinstein@odu.edu</a>
<a href="http://www.lions.odu.edu/%7Elweinste/">http://www.lions.odu.edu/~lweinste/</a></pre>
<div>
<hr><br>
<a href="https://www.spamtrap.odu.edu/b.php?i=433207705&m=5775e8bdb10c&t=20110113&c=s">Spam</a><br>
<a href="https://www.spamtrap.odu.edu/b.php?i=433207705&m=5775e8bdb10c&t=20110113&c=n">Not
spam</a><br>
<a href="https://www.spamtrap.odu.edu/b.php?i=433207705&m=5775e8bdb10c&t=20110113&c=f">Forget
previous vote</a><br>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
<pre cols="72" class="moz-signature">--
Sincerely,
Larry
-----------------------------------------------------------
Lawrence Weinstein
University Professor
Physics Department
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, VA 23529
757 683 5803
757 683 3038 (fax)
<a href="mailto:weinstein@odu.edu">weinstein@odu.edu</a>
<a href="http://www.lions.odu.edu/~lweinste/">http://www.lions.odu.edu/~lweinste/</a></pre>
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